Online Monitoring of Transformers

Power transformers are critical and costly assets in the electric power system. They are one of the most important electric apparatuses for providing reliable energy flow. They also constitute one of the largest investments in a utility system or in an industrial complex. For this reason, transformer condition assessment and management are a high priority. […]

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DGA Analysis of Transformer Oil

An oil-filled transformer insulation system consists of insulating oil and cellulose (paper) materials. Under normal use, transformer insulation deteriorates and generates certain combustible and noncombustible gases. This effect becomes more pronounced when the transformer insulation is exposed to higher temperatures.  When cellulose insulation (i.e., winding insulation) is overheated to temperatures as low as 140°C, carbon

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Lithium Ion Cell Working & Types

A lithium-ion cell is composed of four main parts: The cathode varies between different types of cells but is always a lithium compound mixed with other materials. The anode is almost always graphite, and sometimes includes trace amounts of other elements. The electrolyte is generally an organic compound containing lithium salts to transfer lithium ions. The porous

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